升级Alma Linux到新版本 升级到新版本的Alma Linux通常需要执行以下步骤：1、确保备份重要数据：在进行升级之前，务必备份重要数据，以防止数据丢失或损坏。2、更新当前系统：在升级之前，确保您的当前Alma Linux系统是最新的版本。可以通过运行以下命令来更新系统：sudo dnf upgrade3、安装DNF插件：在升级之前，确保系统已安装DNF插件，以便执行升级操作。如果尚未安装DNF插件，可以通过以下命令安装：sudo dnf install dnf-plugin-system-upgrade4、执行系统升级：执行以下命令来升级您的Alma Linux系统到新版本：sudo dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=新版本号请将“新版本号”替换为您要升级到的Alma Linux版本号。这将下载新版本的软件包到您的系统中。5、执行系统重启：下载完成后，执行以下命令来重启系统并完成升级过程：sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot系统将会重启并开始执行升级操作。升级过程可能需要一段时间，取决于您的系统性能和网络速度。6、验证升级：升级完成后，可以通过运行以下命令来验证新版本的Alma Linux系统：cat /etc/os-release这将显示您的系统当前运行的操作系统版本信息。确保显示的版本号是您所升级到的新版本。通过以上步骤，您可以成功升级您的Alma Linux系统到新版本。如果在升级过程中遇到任何问题，请参考官方文档或寻求技术支持。

Rocky Linux无缝升级 清除原有的yum，epel源等dnf -y remove rpmconf yum-utils epel-release安装最新系统的重要三个内核文件，选取自己系统适合的内核文件#Rocky Linux 9 _x64 dnf -y install https://os.iso.st/r9/minimal/Packages/rocky-release-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch.rpm https://os.iso.st/r9/minimal/Packages/rocky-repos-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch.rpm https://os.iso.st/r9/minimal/Packages/rocky-gpg-keys-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch.rpm #Rocky Linux 9 _aarch64 dnf -y install https://os.iso.st/r9arch/minimal/Packages/rocky-release-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch.rpm https://os.iso.st/r9arch/minimal/Packages/rocky-repos-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch.rpm https://os.iso.st/r9arch/minimal/Packages/rocky-gpg-keys-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch.rpm显示下面内容即可进行下一步 Cleanup : rocky-gpg-keys-8.6-3.el8.noarch 6/6 Running scriptlet: rocky-gpg-keys-8.6-3.el8.noarch 6/6 Line is not an assignment at '/usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-redhat.conf:8': (null) Couldn't write '1' to 'net/ipv4/conf/*/rp_filter', ignoring: No such file or directory warning: %transfiletriggerin(systemd-239-58.el8.x86_64) scriptlet failed, exit status 1 Error in <unknown> scriptlet in rpm package rocky-gpg-keys Verifying : rocky-release-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch 1/6 Verifying : rocky-release-8.6-3.el8.noarch 2/6 Verifying : rocky-repos-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch 3/6 Verifying : rocky-repos-8.6-3.el8.noarch 4/6 Verifying : rocky-gpg-keys-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch 5/6 Verifying : rocky-gpg-keys-8.6-3.el8.noarch 6/6 Upgraded: rocky-gpg-keys-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch rocky-release-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch rocky-repos-9.1-1.10.el9.noarch Complete! [root@iZuf6g ~]#升级Rocky Linuxdnf -y --releasever=9 --allowerasing --setopt=deltarpm=false distro-synccentos stream9 --releaserver=9-stream 结束后可能会出现以下两个错误，需进行处理，其他错误自行参考解决，或者留言进行辅助解决①：file /usr/share/redhat-logos ... el8 ...el9类似的长文。此错误表示原有的文件和el9不兼容，删除该目录即可，稍后会自动生成创建。rm -rf /usr/share/redhat-logos②：file ...epel-rpm-macros-systemd.el8 ... el9类似的长文，等同上述，存在兼容问题，卸载稍后重装即可。dnf remove -y epel-rpm-macros-systemd等待结束后显示下面内容即表示已升级成功。 python3-librepo-1.14.2-3.el9.x86_64 python3-packaging-20.9-5.el9.noarch python3-subscription-manager-rhsm-1.29.30.1-1.el9_1.x86_64 rpm-sign-libs-4.16.1.3-19.el9_1.x86_64 rsyslog-logrotate-8.2102.0-105.el9.x86_64 sombok-2.4.0-16.el9.x86_64 subscription-manager-1.29.30.1-1.el9_1.x86_64 subscription-manager-rhsm-certificates-20220623-1.el9.noarch sysprof-capture-devel-3.40.1-3.el9.x86_64 systemd-rpm-macros-250-12.el9_1.3.noarch usermode-1.114-4.el9.x86_64 userspace-rcu-0.12.1-6.el9.x86_64 util-linux-core-2.37.4-9.el9.x86_64 webkit2gtk3-jsc-2.36.7-1.el9_1.2.x86_64 xml-common-0.6.3-58.el9.noarch zstd-1.5.1-2.el9.x86_64 Removed: gcc-toolset-10-10.1-0.el8.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-annobin-9.29-2.el8.3.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-dyninst-10.2.1-2.el8.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-gcc-10.3.1-1.2.el8_5.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-gcc-c++-10.3.1-1.2.el8_5.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-gcc-gdb-plugin-10.3.1-1.2.el8_5.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-gcc-gfortran-10.3.1-1.2.el8_5.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-gdb-9.2-4.el8.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-libquadmath-devel-10.3.1-1.2.el8_5.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-perftools-10.1-0.el8.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-systemtap-4.4-5.el8.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-systemtap-client-4.4-5.el8.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-systemtap-devel-4.4-5.el8.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-systemtap-runtime-4.4-5.el8.x86_64 gcc-toolset-10-toolchain-10.1-0.el8.x86_64 gdbm-1:1.18-1.el8.x86_64 guile-5:2.0.14-7.el8.x86_64 libtirpc-devel-1.1.4-8.el8.x86_64 libzip-devel-1.5.1-2.module+el8.4.0+413+c9202dda.x86_64 ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-9.20180224.el8.x86_64 oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-2.el8.x86_64 perl-B-Debug-1.26-2.el8.noarch perl-Locale-Codes-3.57-1.el8.noarch perl-Pod-Parser-1.63-396.el8.noarch python3-html5lib-1:0.999999999-6.el8.noarch python3-pydbus-0.6.0-5.el8.noarch python3-slip-0.6.4-11.el8.noarch python3-slip-dbus-0.6.4-11.el8.noarch python3-webencodings-0.5.1-6.el8.noarch python36-3.6.8-38.module+el8.5.0+671+195e4563.x86_64 python36-devel-3.6.8-38.module+el8.5.0+671+195e4563.x86_64 redhat-lsb-core-4.1-47.el8.x86_64 Complete! [root@iZuf6g ~]#升级成功后，卸载已存在旧的内核。先查看最新内核是否已经安装查看已存在的内核，最新的内核应该为5.xrpm -qa | grep kernel输出如下：[root@iZuf6g ~]# rpm -qa | grep kernel warning: Found bdb_ro Packages database while attempting sqlite backend: using bdb_ro backend. kernel-devel-5.14.0-162.18.1.el9_1.x86_64 kernel-srpm-macros-1.0-11.el9.noarch kernel-core-5.14.0-162.18.1.el9_1.x86_64 kernel-headers-5.14.0-162.18.1.el9_1.x86_64 kernel-tools-libs-5.14.0-162.18.1.el9_1.x86_64 kernel-devel-4.18.0-372.9.1.el8.x86_64 kernel-modules-5.14.0-162.18.1.el9_1.x86_64 kernel-modules-4.18.0-372.9.1.el8.x86_64 kernel-tools-5.14.0-162.18.1.el9_1.x86_64 kernel-4.18.0-372.9.1.el8.x86_64 kernel-core-4.18.0-372.9.1.el8.x86_64 kernel-5.14.0-162.18.1.el9_1.x86_64 [root@iZuf6g4xzntqr7ucc5swmkZ ~]#上面出现警告，我们需要重建rpm仓库cd /var/lib/rpm rm -f __db.00* rpm --rebuilddb重新运行即可正常，输出存在5.x内核的可以直接卸载旧内核rpm -e --nodeps `rpm -qa|grep -i kernel|grep 4.18`输出没有5.x内核的进行内核安装再卸载即可dnf -y install kernel kernel-core shim执行dnf命令时，会有如下报错Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:17 ago on Wed 22 Mar 2023 06:55:50 PM CST. Modular dependency problems: Problem 1: conflicting requests - nothing provides module(platform:el8) needed by module httpd:2.4:8070020230221173330:3b9f49c4.x86_64 Problem 2: conflicting requests - nothing provides module(platform:el8) needed by module nginx:1.14:8040020210610090123:9f9e2e7e.x86_64 Problem 3: conflicting requests - nothing provides module(platform:el8) needed by module perl:5.26:8050020211109115414:b4937e53.x86_64 Problem 4: conflicting requests - nothing provides module(platform:el8) needed by module perl-IO-Socket-SSL:2.066:8060020220513050719:bc93984d.x86_64 Problem 5: conflicting requests - nothing provides module(platform:el8) needed by module perl-libwww-perl:6.34:8060020220513153220:9168a43d.x86_64 Problem 6: conflicting requests - nothing provides module(platform:el8) needed by module php:7.2:8040020210530192442:02bae935.x86_64 Problem 7: conflicting requests - nothing provides module(platform:el8) needed by module python36:3.6:8050020211109130820:982725ab.x86_64 Problem 8: conflicting requests - nothing provides module(platform:el8) needed by module virt:rhel:8070020230221174740:3b9f49c4.x86_64 Dependencies resolved. Nothing to do. Complete!将它禁用即可（禁用后重启会自动删除这些不存在的模块），禁用时记得带着版本。dnf module disable httpd:2.4 nginx:1.14 perl:5.26 perl-IO-Socket-SSL:2.066 perl-libwww-perl:6.34 php:7.2 python36:3.6再次执行dnf即可正常系统升级完毕，重启使最新内核生效即可dnf update -y reboot

WordPress升级到3.4后台不能编辑主题的解决办法 估计大家在升级到Wordpress 3.4完毕之后，发现后台有点问题，点击appearance（主题），只能看见升级之前所用的主题，别的主题都看不到，点击Editor（编辑），则出现下面的错误：Warning: scandir() has been disabled for security reasons in ... Warning: Invalid argument supplied for foreach() in ...下面还有一行 Oops, no such file exists! Double check the name and try again, merci. 解决办法如下：vi php.ini